CCNA: FHRPs

2 minute read

Description:

HSRP, VRRP, and GLBP

Steps to create HSRP:

  1. Configure the correct IP address and mask for the gateway interface using the ip address [address] [mask] [secondary] interface configuration command.

  2. Create an HSRP group on the gateway interface and assign the group the virtual IP address via the standby [number] ip [virtual address][secondary] interface configuration command. The [secondary] keyword specifies the IP address as a secondary gateway IP address for the specified group.

  3. Optionally, assign the HSRP group a name using the standby [number] name [name] interface configuration command.

  4. Optionally, if you want to control the election of the active gateway, configure the group priority via the standby [number] priority [value] interface configuration command.

Configuring HSRP (Hot Standby Router Protocol):

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   Router 1 Interface Configuration:
   R1(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0
   R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.3 255.255.255.0
   R1(config-if)#duplex auto
   R1(config-if)#speed auto
   R1(config-if)#standby 5 ip 192.168.0.1
   R1(config-if)#standby 1 name hsrp-group1
   R1(config-if)#end

Router 2 Interface Configuration:

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   R2(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0
   R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.4 255.255.255.0
   R2(config-if)#duplex auto
   R2(config-if)#speed auto
   R2(config-if)#standby 5 ip 192.168.0.1
   R2(config-if)#standby 1 name hsrp-group1
   R2(config-if)#end

More options:

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   R1(config)#int fa0/0
   R1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
   R1(config-if)#standby version [1|2]
   R1(config-if)#standby 1 ip 10.1.1.1
   R1(config-if)#standby 1 timers (hello) (dead) # Hello timers - 3 seconds / Dead timers 10 seconds
   R1(config-if)#standby 1 priority (priority) # Priority numbers - highest is active / lowest is passive router = default is 100 (max 255)
   R1(config-if)#standby 1 preempt # Preempt is disabled by default. It tells the router to become active once it comes back online if it goes down.
   R1(config-if)#standby 1 authentication md5 key-string (password) # You can also use a key here. See the security section on how to create a key.
   R1(config-if)#standby 1 track (interface) (value) #See below, objects can be created per interface or in global config.
   R1(config-if)#standby 1 track (object) decrement (value) # example: standby 1 track GigabitEthernet5/1 50. This will track an interface and decrement its priority value if it goes down.

Configure HSRP to use the actual MAC address of the gateway interface as the virtual MAC address of the different HSRP groups:

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   Gateway-1#config t
   Gateway-1(config)#int f0/0
   Gateway-1(config-if)#standby use-bia
   Gateway-1(config-if)#exit

Show commands:

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   show standby brief # P indicates configured to preempt.
   debug standby
   show standby

Configuring VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol):

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   R1(config)#int fa0/0
   R1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
   R1(config-if)#vrrp 1 ip 10.1.1.1
   R1(config-if)#vrrp 1 timers [advertise (hello)|learn] # Timers: Hello 1 second / Dead 3 seconds. Once you change hello, dead changes automatically.
   R1(config-if)#vrrp 1 priority (priority)
   R1(config-if)#vrrp 1 preempt
   R1(config-if)#vrrp 1 authentication md5 key-string (password)
   R1(config-if)#vrrp 1 track (object) decrement (value)

Tracking an object:

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   VTP-Server-1(config)#track 1 interface Loopback0 line-protocol
   VTP-Server-1(config-track)#exit
   VTP-Server-1(config)#interface vlan192
   VTP-Server-1(config-if)#vrrp 1 track 1
   VTP-Server-1(config-if)#exit

Show commands:

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   show vrrp [all|brief|interface (name)]

Configuring GLBP (Gateway Load Balancing Protocol):

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   R1(config)#int fa0/0
   R1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
   R1(config-if)#glbp 1 ip 10.1.1.1
   R1(config-if)#glbp 1 timers (hello) (dead)
   R1(config-if)#glbp 1 timers redirect (redirect) (time-out)
   R1(config-if)#glbp 1 priority (priority)
   R1(config-if)#glbp 1 preempt
   R1(config-if)#glbp 1 forwarder preempt
   R1(config-if)#glbp 1 authentication md5 key-string (password)
   R1(config-if)#glbp 1 load-balancing (method) # default is round-robin, best to leave it as is.
   R1(config-if)#glbp 1 weighting (weight) lower (lower) upper (upper)
   R1(config-if)#glbp 1 weighting track (object) decrement (value)

Show commands:

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   show standby brief # P indicates configured to preempt.
   debug standby
   show standby

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